lwd/lib/lwd/lwd_seq.mli

152 linhas
4.9 KiB
OCaml

(* Sequence construction
[Lwd_seq] implements a type of ordered collections with a pure interface.
In addition, changes to collections are easy to track.
A collection can be transformed with the usual map, filter and fold
combinators. If later, the transformation is applied again to an updated
collection, shared elements (in the sense of physical sharing), the
result of the previous transformation will be reused for these elements.
The book-keeping overhead is O(n) in the number of changes, so O(1) per
element.
*)
type +'a t
type +'a seq = 'a t
(* A sequence with no element. *)
val empty : 'a seq
(* A singleton sequence. The physical identity of the element is considered
when reusing previous computations.
If you do:
let x1 = element x
let x2 = element x
Then x1 and x2 are seen as different elements and no sharing will be done
during transformation.
*)
val element : 'a -> 'a seq
(* Concatenate two sequences into a bigger one.
As for [element], the physical identity of a sequence is considered for
reuse.
*)
val concat : 'a seq -> 'a seq -> 'a seq
(* Look at the contents of a sequence *)
type ('a, 'b) view =
| Empty
| Element of 'a
| Concat of 'b * 'b
val view : 'a seq -> ('a, 'a seq) view
module Balanced : sig
(* A variant of the sequence type that guarantees that the depth of
transformation, as measured in the number of [concat] nodes, grows in
O(log n) where n is the number of elements in the sequnce.
This is useful to prevent stack overflows and to avoid degenerate cases
where a single element change, but it is at the end of a linear sequence
of [concat] nodes, thus making the total work O(n).
For instance, in:
[concat e1 (concat e2 (concat e3 (... (concat e_n))...))]
If [e_n] changes, the whole spine has to be recomputed.
Using [Balanced.concat], the representation will be re-balanced
internally. Then [Balanced.view] should be used to access the balanced
sequence.
When working with balanced sequences in a transformation pipeline, it is
only useful to balance the first sequence of the pipeline. Derived
sequence will have a depth bounded by the depth of the first one.
*)
type 'a t = private 'a seq
val empty : 'a t
val element : 'a -> 'a t
val concat : 'a t -> 'a t -> 'a t
val view : 'a t -> ('a, 'a t) view
end
(* Lwd interface.
All sequences live in [Lwd] monad: if a sequence changes slightly, parts
that have not changed will not be re-transformed.
*)
(* [fold ~map ~reduce] transforms a sequence.
If the sequence is non-empty, the [map] function is applied to element nodes
and the [reduce] function is used to combine transformed concatenated nodes.
If the sequence is empty, None is returned.
*)
val fold :
map:('a -> 'b) -> reduce:('b -> 'b -> 'b) -> 'a seq Lwd.t -> 'b option Lwd.t
val fold_monoid :
('a -> 'b) -> 'b Lwd_utils.monoid -> 'a seq Lwd.t -> 'b Lwd.t
(* [map f] transforms a sequence by applying [f] to each element. *)
val map :
('a -> 'b) -> 'a seq Lwd.t -> 'b seq Lwd.t
val filter :
('a -> bool) -> 'a seq Lwd.t -> 'a seq Lwd.t
val filter_map :
('a -> 'b option) -> 'a seq Lwd.t -> 'b seq Lwd.t
val lift : 'a Lwd.t seq Lwd.t -> 'a seq Lwd.t
(* Low-level interface *)
module Reducer : sig
(* The interface allows to implement incremental sequence transformation
outside of the [Lwd] monad.
Actually, the Lwd functions above are implemented on top of this
interface.
*)
(* A [('a, 'b) reducer] value stores the state necessary to incrementally
transform an ['a seq] to ['b].
In essence, the Lwd functions just hide a reducer value.
*)
type ('a, 'b) reducer
(* A new reducer that transforms sequences with the given [map] and [reduce]
functions. The reducer starts from the [empty] sequence. *)
val make : map:('a -> 'b) -> reduce:('b -> 'b -> 'b) -> ('a, 'b) reducer
(* Updates the [reducer] to transform another sequence.
Intermediate nodes are reused when possible.
Only the "reuse plan" is computed by [update], actual transformation is
done by the [reduce] function.
*)
val update : ('a, 'b) reducer -> 'a seq -> ('a, 'b) reducer
(* Returns the reduced ['b] value if the sequence is non-empty or [None] if
the sequence is empty.
Because transformation is done lazily, [reduce] is the only function
that can call [map] and [reduce].
*)
val reduce : ('a, 'b) reducer -> 'b option
(* Sometimes it is important to track the elements that disappeared from a
sequence. The ['b dropped] type represent all the intermediate result that
were referenced by a reducer and are no longer after an update.
*)
type 'b dropped
val update_and_get_dropped :
('a, 'b) reducer -> 'a seq -> 'b dropped * ('a, 'b) reducer
val fold_dropped :
[<`All|`Map|`Reduce] -> ('a -> 'b -> 'b) -> 'a dropped -> 'b -> 'b
end